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Although cheaper than vellum, newsprint remained expensive, at least in book-sized quantities, through the centuries, until the climax of steam-driven paper making machines in the 19th century, which could make paper with fibres from wood pulp. Although older machines predated it, the Fourdrinier paper making machine became the base for most modern papermaking. Nicholas Louis Robert of Essonnes, France, was granted a patent for a continuous paper making machine in 1799. At the time he was working for Leger Didot with whom he quarrelled over the ownership of the invention. Didot sent his brother-in-law, John Gamble, to meet Sealy and Henry Fourdrinier, stationers of London, who agree to finance the project. Gamble was granted British patent 2487 on 20 October 1801. With the help particularly of Bryan Donkin, a skilled and skilful mechanic, an improved version of the Robert original was installed at Frogmore, Hertfordshire, in 1803, followed by another in 1804. A third machine was installed at the Fourdriniers own mill at Two Waters. The Fourdriniers also bought a mill at St Neots intending to install two machines there and the surgical process and machines continued to develop.

However, experiments with wood showed no real results in the recently 18th-century and at the start of the 19th-century.



By 1800, Matthias Koops (in London, England) further investigated the idea of development wood to make paper, and in 1801 he wrote and published a book titled Historical account of the substances which have been utilise to describe events, and to convey ideas, from the earliest date, to the invention of paper.[39] His book was printed on paper made from wood shavings (and adhered to abideher). No pages were fabricated victimisation the pulping method (from either rags or wood). He received monetary support from the royal family to make his printing machines and acquire the materials and radix need to start his printing business. But his enterprise was curtly lived. Only a few years following...If you want to get a full essay, order it on our website: Orderessay



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